Reviewing over 8,400 colonoscopy records, researchers found that nearly half of patients with serrated polyps also had adenomas, a combination that significantly heightens the likelihood of developing advanced precancerous changes. The risk for individuals with both polyp types was up to five times higher than for those with only one.

“Polyps are common and usually harmless, but when adenomas and serrated polyps appear together, what we term synchronous lesions the risk of serious bowel disease or cancer rises sharply,” said Dr. Molla Wassie, lead author and researcher at the FHMRI Bowel Health Service.

The findings, published in the journal Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology (CGH), also suggest that serrated polyps may progress to cancer more rapidly than adenomas. This underlines the need for tailored colonoscopy schedules and screening strategies that account for differences between polyp types.

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Bowel cancer, also called colorectal cancer, is a major public health concern in Australia, ranking as the second leading cause of cancer death and the fourth most diagnosed cancer. While most polyps are benign and cause no immediate harm, the study reinforces the importance of early detection and regular monitoring, particularly for adults over 45 or those with a family history of bowel disease.

“Catching and removing polyps early is essential. If both types are present, staying on top of colonoscopy schedules is even more critical,” Dr. Wassie emphasized. People are encouraged to consult their GP or participate in the National Bowel Cancer Screening Program for guidance on screening options.